Eid-ul-Zuha, also known as Bakra Eid or Eid al-Adha, is a significant Islamic festival celebrated by Muslims worldwide. It honors the willingness of Prophet Ibrahim (Abraham) to sacrifice his son Isma'il (Ishmael) as an act of obedience to God's command. However, before the sacrifice, God provided a ram to be sacrificed instead.
During Eid-ul-Zuha, Muslims commemorate this event by sacrificing animals like sheep, goats, cows, or camels, following the tradition of Ibrahim. The meat from the sacrificed animal is divided into three parts: one-third is given to the needy, one-third is shared with friends and relatives, and the remaining one-third is kept for one's own family.
Apart from the sacrificial aspect, Eid-ul-Zuha is also a time for Muslims to engage in prayers, communal gatherings, and feasting with family and friends. It's a time of spiritual reflection, gratitude, and charity. Special delicacies are prepared and served among family and friends on the occasion.
Legends
Eid-ul-Zuha is rooted in the story of Prophet Ibrahim (Abraham) and his son Isma'il (Ishmael) from Islamic tradition. The legends associated with this festival center around the significant events involving these two figures:
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Prophet Ibrahim's Sacrifice: The central legend of Eid-ul-Zuha revolves around Prophet Ibrahim's unwavering obedience to God's command. According to Islamic tradition, Ibrahim received a divine command in a dream to sacrifice his beloved son, Isma'il, as a test of his faith. Despite the immense difficulty, Ibrahim was willing to carry out this command. However, just as he was about to sacrifice Isma'il, God intervened and provided a ram to be sacrificed instead. This act symbolizes Ibrahim's devotion and submission to God's will.
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Isma'il's Submission: Isma'il, upon learning of his father's intention to sacrifice him, also demonstrated remarkable faith and submission to God's decree. He willingly agreed to be sacrificed, trusting in God's wisdom and mercy. This aspect of the story underscores the importance of trust and obedience in the face of adversity.
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Divine Intervention: The legend emphasizes God's compassion and mercy by sparing Isma'il's life and providing a substitute for sacrifice. This divine intervention not only saved Isma'il but also affirmed Ibrahim's unwavering faith and devotion. It serves as a reminder of God's benevolence towards His believers and His ability to provide solutions to seemingly insurmountable challenges.
Rituals
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Sacrifice (Qurbani): The central ritual of Eid-ul-Zuha involves the sacrifice of an animal, such as a sheep, goat, cow, or camel. This act symbolizes Prophet Ibrahim's willingness to sacrifice his son Isma'il as an act of obedience to God. The sacrificed animal should meet certain criteria in terms of age, health, and quality.
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Prayers (Salat al-Eid): On the morning of Eid-ul-Zuha, Muslims gather in large congregations at mosques or open grounds to perform the special Eid prayer known as Salat al-Eid. This prayer consists of two rakats (units) and is performed in a specific manner, with additional takbirs (saying "Allahu Akbar" or "God is the Greatest") before the prayer.
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Takbir: In the days leading up to Eid-ul-Zuha, Muslims recite the takbir, declaring the greatness of Allah, as a reminder of the significance of the occasion. This practice often starts from the beginning of the Islamic month of Dhul-Hijjah and continues until the conclusion of Eid prayers.
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Charity (Zakat al-Fitr): Eid-ul-Zuha emphasizes the importance of charity and generosity. Before performing the Eid prayers, Muslims are encouraged to give Zakat al-Fitr, a form of obligatory charity given to the needy. This helps ensure that everyone can partake in the festivities and celebrations of Eid.
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Feasting and Celebration: Following the Eid prayers, families come together to celebrate with elaborate feasts and gatherings. It's a time for relatives and friends to exchange greetings and gifts, share meals, and enjoy each other's company. Traditional dishes, sweets, and desserts are prepared and enjoyed during this festive occasion.
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Visiting Graves: Some Muslims visit the graves of deceased loved ones during Eid-ul-Zuha to offer prayers and pay respects to the departed souls. This practice serves as a reminder of the transient nature of life and the importance of remembering and honoring those who have passed away.